[신나는 공부]Let's Think! 영어사고력 문제

■ 응모문제 ■

The following is a list of natural numbers. When the digits 9 and 8 first come up one after another, how many digits would have appeared in front of the digit 8? For example, when the number 2 and 1 first come up one after another, they show up in number 12 and 13. So you would say that number 2 is the 15th, and number 3 is the 16th, digit, and there are 14 numbers in front of the digit 2.

natural number → 자연수

come up one after another → 차례대로 나타나다

digit → (자리 수 하나의) 숫자

You would say that number 2 is the 15th…digit →

2는 15번째 숫자라고 할 것이다.

■ 도전! 하나 ■

The following figure is made up of two equilateral triangles. If the area of the colored hexagon is 10, what is the area of the rest of the figure excluding the hexagonal area?

equilateral → 등변의 (변의 길이가 모두 같은)

hexagon → 육각형 가운데 육각형을 제외한

나머지 부분의 넓이를 구하는 문제입니다.

■ 도전! 둘 ■

One day, my father gave me and my younger sister 10,000 won saying that we should divide the money according to the following conditions.

-Conditions-

1.Each writes down how much money she wants.

2.Whoever wrote the bigger number gets 10,000 won, but has to give to the loser the amount that the loser wanted out of it.

3. If you and your sister wrote down the same amount, each gets 5,000 won.

If I do not want to get less than my sister, how much do I have to write I want? Give the answer and explain why. The unit in which you write the desired sum is 100 won.

조건을 잘 보고 얼마를 적어야 할지 생각해봅시다.

내가 동생보다 더 큰 액수를 적는다고 더 많이 받을 수 있는 것이 아니죠? 예를 들어 조건 2를 보고, 내가 8000원을 적을 경우와 동생이 7000원을 적을 경우를 생각해 봅시다. 이때는 내가 3000원, 동생이 7000원의 용돈을 받게 됩니다.

The unit in which you write the desired sum is 100 won → 원하는 금액을 적는 단위는 100원이다.

■ 도전! 셋 ■

Gino, Sue and Bama are taking a walk on a straight lane as seen below. Gino is 10 meters ahead of Sue. Bama is 30 meters ahead of Gino. They are all walking at constant speed. Sue would catch up with Gino after 5 minutes, and would again catch up with Bama 5 minutes later. Then can Gino overtake Bama? If he can, how long is it going to take? If he cannot, explain why.

lane → (산책을 하는) 길

catch up with ∼ → ∼를 따라잡다. overtake와 동의어.

Sue는 지금부터 5분 뒤에는 Gino를, 그리고 지금부터 10분 후에는 Bama를 따라잡는다는 말이지요? 이동한 거리는 속도와 시간의 곱이라는 것을 기억하세요!

■ 도전! 넷 ■

To bake a cake, you have to follow certain steps from beginning with A and ending with J. Each step takes certain minutes as is represented in the following diagram.

Find out the least time it takes for you to bake a cake.

그림의 알파벳은 빵을 굽는 데 필요한 일들을 순서대로 나타낸 것입니다. 그러나 어떤 단계를 선택하느냐에 따라 걸리는 시간이 달라집니다. A에서 시작해 가장 짧은 시간에 J에 도달할 수 있는 순서를 생각해보세요.

■ 도전! 다섯 ■

There are 3 teachers - Peter, Ken and Yan - working in a small school on an island. They teach dance, science, history, etiquette, French and art, and each teaches 2 subjects. The one who teaches history uses the same dorm with the one who teaches dance, and the oldest teacher of all lives a bit away from the other two. Peter is the youngest of all. The one who teaches science is older than the one who teaches etiquette, but is younger than Ken. The one who teaches dance and Yan both like basketball. Now who teaches what subject?

주어진 지문에서 어떤 것이 중요한 단서인지 찾아야 합니다. 역사와 무용 선생님이 같은 기숙사를 쓰고 있다는 사실에서 중요한 것은 선생님들이 기숙사를 쓰고 있다는 것이 아니라 역사 선생님은 무용을 가르치지 않는다는 사실입니다.